Working on Geneosophy, which deals with comprehension and enables the formalization and verification of concepts such as life and intelligence.
Every animation, physics engine, and real-time system you've ever used is built on a subtle lie: that software unfolds in time. It doesn't. At its core, computation is completely atemporal, pure functions define timeless relationships, not dynamic processes. Time has to be injected from the outside
A Journey Through the Paradoxes of Reductionism and the Promise of Geneosophy The Pattern Behind the Paradoxes Modern knowledge has achieved extraordinary success. We’ve mapped the genome, simulated quantum systems, built artificial intelligence that mimics human conversation, and created technologies that transform civilization. Yet beneath this triumph lies a
When we try to formalize a neuron computationally, we don't translate biology into code—we perform a violent collapse. We lock causation into fixed arrows when biology lives in causal ambiguity. We synchronize incommensurate timescales onto a global clock when neurons operate in genuine temporal incoherence. We close
We live in a computational age. When we want to formalize our thoughts—to express ideas precisely, to build models of intelligence, to create systems that reason—we almost instinctively reach for computation. The Church-Turing thesis tells us that any "effectively computable" function can be computed by a
A brain structure has persisted for 500 million years across fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. The basal ganglia should tell us something fundamental about intelligence itself. From a computational lens, it tells us nothing. Worse, it looks broken. And that matters now, because we are building AI with that
When Plato proposed that reality consists of two worlds—one of changing appearances and another of eternal Forms—some of his contemporaries must have thought he'd lost his mind. When Kant suggested that objects conform to the structures of our minds rather than the reverse, the philosophical establishment
Philosophy has wrestled with seemingly intractable problems for millennia: How does mind relate to body? What makes knowledge objective rather than merely subjective? How do we bridge the gap between inner experience and outer reality? These questions have spawned countless theories, debates, and entire philosophical traditions, yet they remain as
We have become masters at mapping the known. Science, mathematics, and programming excel at navigating "closed systems", worlds where the rules are set and the concepts are fixed. But these tools hit a wall when faced with the two most profound concepts: living organisms and intelligence. While logic
Philosophy of science promises to do something extraordinary: step outside the scientific enterprise to examine its foundations, methods, and assumptions with clear-eyed objectivity. From Thomas Kuhn's revolutionary analysis of paradigm shifts to Hasok Chang's sophisticated pragmatist approach to scientific practice, philosophers of science have attempted to
Philosophy has been wrestling with a fundamental question for centuries: How do we bridge the gap between mind and world? Each major philosophical tradition has offered solutions, but each has also revealed new problems. Today, we stand at a unique moment where quantum mechanics has deepened these puzzles while a
The story of artificial intelligence is not just one of increasing computational power—it’s also a story about how machines relate to meaning. Or more precisely, how meaning has been progressively sidelined in favor of statistical pattern manipulation. To understand this, we can trace AI’s evolution through a
We live trapped in a circle of our own making. We reason with concepts about objects and other concepts. We understand objects through concepts. We create new concepts by combining existing objects and concepts. Around and around we go, never stepping outside this conceptual machinery to ask the most fundamental